13 distinct Greek words appear in this verse.

1 variant unit attested by manuscript witnesses and modern critical editions.

• Light and Darkness
• Sin

4 passages from patristic writers, Reformers, and church catechisms citing this verse.

• 1John 2:11 — But he that hateth his brother is in darkness, and walketh in darkness, and knoweth not whither he goeth, because that darkness hath blinded his eyes.
• 1Pet 1:14 — As obedient children, not fashioning yourselves according to the former lusts in your ignorance:
• 1Thess 4:5 — Not in the lust of concupiscence, even as the Gentiles which know not God:
• 2Cor 4:4 — In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them.
• Acts 17:30 — And the times of this ignorance God winked at; but now commandeth all men every where to repent:
• Acts 26:18 — To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith t
• Col 1:13 — Who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son:
• Col 1:21 — And you, that were sometime alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now hath he reconciled
• Col 1:21 — And you, that were sometime alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now hath he reconciled
• Deut 29:4 — Yet the LORD hath not given you an heart to perceive, and eyes to see, and ears to hear, unto this day.
• Eph 2:1 — And you hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins;
• Eph 2:12 — That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world:
• Eph 2:12 — That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world:
• Eph 5:8 — For ye were sometimes darkness, but now are ye light in the Lord: walk as children of light:
• Ezek 12:2 — Son of man, thou dwellest in the midst of a rebellious house, which have eyes to see, and see not; they have ears to hear, and hear not: for they are a rebellious house.
• Gal 4:8 — Howbeit then, when ye knew not God, ye did service unto them which by nature are no gods.
• Gal 4:8 — Howbeit then, when ye knew not God, ye did service unto them which by nature are no gods.
• Hos 4:14 — I will not punish your daughters when they commit whoredom, nor your spouses when they commit adultery: for themselves are separated with whores, and they sacrifice with harlots: therefore the people
• Isa 25:7 — And he will destroy in this mountain the face of the covering cast over all people, and the vail that is spread over all nations.
• Isa 44:9 — They that make a graven image are all of them vanity; and their delectable things shall not profit; and they are their own witnesses; they see not, nor know; that they may be ashamed.
• Jas 4:4 — Ye adulterers and adulteresses, know ye not that the friendship of the world is enmity with God? whosoever therefore will be a friend of the world is the enemy of God.
• John 12:40 — He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart; that they should not see with their eyes, nor understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them.
• Mark 3:5 — And when he had looked round about on them with anger, being grieved for the hardness of their hearts, he saith unto the man, Stretch forth thine hand. And he stretched it out: and his hand was restor
• Matt 6:23 — But if thine eye be evil, thy whole body shall be full of darkness. If therefore the light that is in thee be darkness, how great is that darkness!
• Matt 13:15 — For this people’s heart is waxed gross, and their ears are dull of hearing, and their eyes they have closed; lest at any time they should see with their eyes and hear with their ears, and should under
• Rom 1:21 — Because that, when they knew God, they glorified him not as God, neither were thankful; but became vain in their imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened.
• Rom 1:24 — Wherefore God also gave them up to uncleanness through the lusts of their own hearts, to dishonour their own bodies between themselves:
• Rom 1:28 — And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient;
• Rom 8:7 — Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.
• Rom 8:7 — Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.
• Rom 11:10 — Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back alway.
• Rom 11:25 — For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be c