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Hebrews 11:4

By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, by which he obtained witness that he was righteous, God testifying of his gifts: and by it he being dead yet speaketh.

KJV

Πίστει πλείονα θυσίαν Ἄβελ παρὰ Κάϊν προσήνεγκεν τῷ θεῷ, δι’ ἧς ἐμαρτυρήθη εἶναι δίκαιος, μαρτυροῦντος ἐπὶ τοῖς δώροις αὐτοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ δι’ αὐτῆς ἀποθανὼν ἔτι λαλεῖ.

Greek NT

Fide plurimam hostiam Abel, quam Cain, obtulit Deo, per quam testimonium consecutus est esse justus, testimonium perhibente muneribus ejus Deo, et per illam defunctus adhuc loquitur.

Vulgate

By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, through which he had witness borne to him that he was righteous, God bearing witness in respect of his gifts: and through it he being dead yet speaketh.

ASV

By faith Abel offered to God a sacrifice exceeding that of Cain, by which he obtained a testimony that he was just, God giving testimony to his gifts. And by it he being dead yet speaketh.

Douay-Rheims

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In this verse

People CainAbel

In the original Greek

21 distinct Greek words appear in this verse.

Κάϊν
kain
noun · 3×
αὐτός
autos
pronoun · 5564×
δίκαιος
dikaios
adjective · 79×
διά
dia
preposition · 633×
δῶρον
doron
noun · 19×
εἰμί
eimi
verb · 2461×
θεός
theos
noun · 1311×
θυσία
thusia
noun · 28×
καί
kai
conjunction · 8973×
λαλέω
laleo
verb · 298×
μαρτυρέω
martureo
verb · 76×
πίστις
pistis
noun · 243×
παρά
para
preposition · 191×
πολύς
polus
adjective · 412×
προσφέρω
prosphero
verb · 49×
ἀποθνήσκω
apothnesko
verb · 112×
Ἄβελ
abel
noun · 4×
ἐπί
epi
preposition · 888×
ἔτι
eti
adverb · 94×
o
article · 19778×
ὅς
os
relative_pronoun · 1404×

Intertextual echoes

This verse quotes or alludes to 1 earlier text.

  • Gen 4:4 · allusion
    "And Abel, he also brought of the firstlings of his flock and of the fat thereof. And the LORD had respect unto Abel and to his offering:"
    Genesis: Abel offered a more acceptable sacrifice — by faith

Textual variants

2 variant units attested by manuscript witnesses and modern critical editions.

minor
SBLGNT: τοῦ θεοῦ | WH/NIV/RP: τοῦ θεοῦ | Treg: τῷ θεῷ
  • τοῦ θεοῦSBLGNT
  • τοῦ θεοῦWestcott-Hort, Reader's GNT (NA27), Robinson-Pierpont
  • τῷ θεῷTregelles
source: sblgnt-apparatus
minor
SBLGNT: λαλεῖ | WH/Treg/NIV: λαλεῖ | RP: λαλεῖται
  • λαλεῖSBLGNT
  • λαλεῖWestcott-Hort, Tregelles, Reader's GNT (NA27)
  • λαλεῖταιRobinson-Pierpont
source: sblgnt-apparatus

Themes

Historic Christian voices

6 passages from patristic writers, Reformers, and church catechisms citing this verse.

1. Wonderful indeed were the things in the Temple, the Holy of Holies; and again awful were those things also that were done at Mount Sina, the fire, the darkness, the blackness, the tempest. cf. Deuteronomy 33:2 For, it says, God appeared in Sina, and long ago were these things celebrated. The New Covenant, however, was not given with any of these things, but has been given in…
And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground. Here Moses describes the first worship offered to God and the first fratricide. God had respect to Abel and his offering, but to Cain and his offering he had not respect. The difference lay not in the outward offering but in the faith and sincerity of the offerer. Cain's anger and murder of his brother shows t…

Cross-references

  • 1John 3:11 — For this is the message that ye heard from the beginning, that we should love one another.
  • 1John 3:12 — Not as Cain, who was of that wicked one, and slew his brother. And wherefore slew he him? Because his own works were evil, and his brother’s righteous.
  • 1Kgs 18:38 — Then the fire of the LORD fell, and consumed the burnt sacrifice, and the wood, and the stones, and the dust, and licked up the water that was in the trench.
  • Acts 10:35 — But in every nation he that feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is accepted with him.
  • Acts 13:22 — And when he had removed him, he raised up unto them David to be their king; to whom also he gave testimony, and said, I have found David the son of Jesse, a man after mine own heart, which shall fulfi
  • Gen 4:3 — And in process of time it came to pass, that Cain brought of the fruit of the ground an offering unto the LORD.
  • Gen 4:4 — And Abel, he also brought of the firstlings of his flock and of the fat thereof. And the LORD had respect unto Abel and to his offering:
  • Gen 4:5 — But unto Cain and to his offering he had not respect. And Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell.
  • Gen 4:7 — If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door. And unto thee shall be his desire, and thou shalt rule over him.
  • Gen 4:8 — And Cain talked with Abel his brother: and it came to pass, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him.
  • Gen 4:10 — And he said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother’s blood crieth unto me from the ground.
  • Gen 4:10 — And he said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother’s blood crieth unto me from the ground.
  • Gen 4:15 — And the LORD said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And the LORD set a mark upon Cain, lest any finding him should kill him.
  • Gen 4:25 — And Adam knew his wife again; and she bare a son, and called his name Seth: For God, said she, hath appointed me another seed instead of Abel, whom Cain slew.
  • Heb 5:1 — For every high priest taken from among men is ordained for men in things pertaining to God, that he may offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins:
  • Heb 9:22 — And almost all things are by the law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission.
  • Heb 11:2 — For by it the elders obtained a good report.
  • Heb 11:33 — Who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions,
  • Heb 12:1 — Wherefore seeing we also are compassed about with so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which doth so easily beset us, and let us run with patience the race that is
  • Heb 12:23 — To the general assembly and church of the firstborn, which are written in heaven, and to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect,
  • Heb 12:24 — And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel.
  • Heb 12:24 — And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel.
  • Jas 5:16 — Confess your faults one to another, and pray one for another, that ye may be healed. The effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much.
  • John 15:16 — Ye have not chosen me, but I have chosen you, and ordained you, that ye should go and bring forth fruit, and that your fruit should remain: that whatsoever ye shall ask of the Father in my name, he ma
  • Jude 1:11 — Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.
  • Jude 1:11 — Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.
  • Lev 9:24 — And there came a fire out from before the LORD, and consumed upon the altar the burnt offering and the fat: which when all the people saw, they shouted, and fell on their faces.
  • Luke 11:51 — From the blood of Abel unto the blood of Zacharias, which perished between the altar and the temple: verily I say unto you, It shall be required of this generation.
  • Luke 11:51 — From the blood of Abel unto the blood of Zacharias, which perished between the altar and the temple: verily I say unto you, It shall be required of this generation.
  • Matt 23:35 — That upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar.
  • Matt 23:35 — That upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar.
  • Prov 15:8 — The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination to the LORD: but the prayer of the upright is his delight.
  • Prov 21:27 — The sacrifice of the wicked is abomination: how much more, when he bringeth it with a wicked mind?
  • Ps 19:14 — Let the words of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart, be acceptable in thy sight, O LORD, my strength, and my redeemer.
  • Rom 3:21 — But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets;
  • Song 1:8 — If thou know not, O thou fairest among women, go thy way forth by the footsteps of the flock, and feed thy kids beside the shepherds’ tents.
  • Titus 1:16 — They profess that they know God; but in works they deny him, being abominable, and disobedient, and unto every good work reprobate.