Returning to the Exodus, the sixteenth chapter contrasts how the same creatures brought plague to Egypt yet blessing to Israel, as beasts and insects tormented the oppressors while quail fed the hungry people. When serpents bit the Israelites, the author notes that those who looked to the bronze serpent were saved not by the thing they saw but by God, the Savior of all. He marvels at the manna, bread sent from heaven that suited every taste, and at fire and hail bent to God's purpose. Showing creation itself obeying its Maker for Israel's good, the chapter presses the book's theme that God governs all things on behalf of His people.