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Revelation 19:11

And I saw heaven opened, and behold a white horse; and he that sat upon him was called Faithful and True, and in righteousness he doth judge and make war.

KJV

Καὶ εἶδον τὸν οὐρανὸν ἠνεῳγμένον, καὶ ἰδοὺ ἵππος λευκός, καὶ ὁ καθήμενος ἐπ’ αὐτὸν καλούμενος πιστὸς καὶ ἀληθινός, καὶ ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ κρίνει καὶ πολεμεῖ.

Greek NT

Et vidi cælum apertum, et ecce equus albus, et qui sedebat super eum, vocabatur Fidelis, et Verax, et cum justitia judicat et pugnat.

Vulgate

And I saw the heaven opened; and behold, a white horse, and he that sat thereon called Faithful and True; and in righteousness he doth judge and make war.

ASV

And I saw heaven opened: and behold a white horse. And he that sat upon him was called faithful and true: and with justice doth he judge and fight.

Douay-Rheims

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In the original Greek

17 distinct Greek words appear in this verse.

αὐτός
autos
pronoun · 5564×
δικαιοσύνη
dikaiosune
noun · 92×
κάθημαι
kathemai
verb · 89×
καί
kai
conjunction · 8973×
καλέω
kaleo
verb · 148×
κρίνω
krino
verb · 114×
λευκός
leukos
adjective · 25×
οὐρανός
ouranos
noun · 274×
πιστός
pistos
adjective · 67×
πολεμέω
polemeo
verb · 7×
ἀληθινός
alethinos
adjective · 28×
ἀνοίγω
anoigo
verb · 76×
ἐν
en
preposition · 2743×
ἐπί
epi
preposition · 888×
ἵππος
ippos
noun · 17×
o
article · 19778×
ὁράω
orao
verb · 682×

Intertextual echoes

This verse quotes or alludes to 1 earlier text.

  • Ps 96:13 · allusion
    "Before the LORD: for he cometh, for he cometh to judge the earth: he shall judge the world with righteousness, and the people with his truth."
    Psalm 96: he comes to judge the world with righteousness — Faithful and True

Textual variants

1 variant unit attested by manuscript witnesses and modern critical editions.

minor
SBLGNT: πιστὸς καλούμενος | WH/Treg: πιστὸς καλούμενος | NIV/RP: καλούμενος πιστὸς
  • πιστὸς καλούμενοςSBLGNT
  • πιστὸς καλούμενοςWestcott-Hort, Tregelles
  • καλούμενος πιστὸςReader's GNT (NA27), Robinson-Pierpont
source: sblgnt-apparatus

Themes

Theophany

Historic Christian voices

7 passages from patristic writers, Reformers, and church catechisms citing this verse.

That one God formed all things in the world, by means of the Word and the Holy Spirit: and that although He is to us in this life invisible and incomprehensible, nevertheless He is not unknown; inasmuch as His works do declare Him, and His Word has shown that in many modes He may be seen and known. 1. As regards His greatness, therefore, it is not possible to know God, for it i…
1 And the Word was with God, and the Word was God. In the preceding section, my revered brother Ambrosius, brother formed according to the Gospel, we have discussed, as far as is at present in our power, what the Gospel is, and what is the beginning in which the Word was, and what the Word is which was in the beginning. We now come to consider the next point in the work before …
The second coming of Christ includes the rapture of the saints, which is our blessed hope, followed by the visible return of Christ with His saints to reign on earth for one thousand years.

Cross-references

  • 1Cor 1:9 — God is faithful, by whom ye were called unto the fellowship of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord.
  • 1Cor 10:13 — There hath no temptation taken you but such as is common to man: but God is faithful, who will not suffer you to be tempted above that ye are able; but will with the temptation also make a way to esca
  • 1Cor 15:28 — And when all things shall be subdued unto him, then shall the Son also himself be subject unto him that put all things under him, that God may be all in all.
  • 1John 5:20 — And we know that the Son of God is come, and hath given us an understanding, that we may know him that is true, and we are in him that is true, even in his Son Jesus Christ. This is the true God, and
  • 1Pet 2:23 — Who, when he was reviled, reviled not again; when he suffered, he threatened not; but committed himself to him that judgeth righteously:
  • 2Chr 20:12 — O our God, wilt thou not judge them? for we have no might against this great company that cometh against us; neither know we what to do: but our eyes are upon thee.
  • 2Kgs 6:17 — And Elisha prayed, and said, LORD, I pray thee, open his eyes, that he may see. And the LORD opened the eyes of the young man; and he saw: and, behold, the mountain was full of horses and chariots of
  • 2Tim 4:8 — Henceforth there is laid up for me a crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous judge, shall give me at that day: and not to me only, but unto all them also that love his appearing.
  • Acts 7:56 — And said, Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of man standing on the right hand of God.
  • Dan 2:34 — Thou sawest till that a stone was cut out without hands, which smote the image upon his feet that were of iron and clay, and brake them to pieces.
  • Dan 7:22 — Until the Ancient of days came, and judgment was given to the saints of the most High; and the time came that the saints possessed the kingdom.
  • Dan 12:1 — And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince which standeth for the children of thy people: and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation even to that s
  • Deut 9:3 — Understand therefore this day, that the LORD thy God is he which goeth over before thee; as a consuming fire he shall destroy them, and he shall bring them down before thy face: so shalt thou drive th
  • Exod 15:3 — The LORD is a man of war: the LORD is his name.
  • Ezek 1:1 — Now it came to pass in the thirtieth year, in the fourth month, in the fifth day of the month, as I was among the captives by the river of Chebar, that the heavens were opened, and I saw visions of Go
  • Ezek 21:27 — I will overturn, overturn, overturn, it: and it shall be no more, until he come whose right it is; and I will give it him.
  • Hab 3:8 — Was the LORD displeased against the rivers? was thine anger against the rivers? was thy wrath against the sea, that thou didst ride upon thine horses and thy chariots of salvation?
  • Heb 1:13 — But to which of the angels said he at any time, Sit on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool?
  • Heb 7:1 — For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him;
  • Isa 2:4 — And he shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation,
  • Isa 9:7 — Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even
  • Isa 11:3 — And shall make him of quick understanding in the fear of the LORD: and he shall not judge after the sight of his eyes, neither reprove after the hearing of his ears:
  • Isa 11:4 — But with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the earth: and he shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay
  • Isa 13:4 — The noise of a multitude in the mountains, like as of a great people; a tumultuous noise of the kingdoms of nations gathered together: the LORD of hosts mustereth the host of the battle.
  • Isa 25:1 — O Lord, thou art my God; I will exalt thee, I will praise thy name; for thou hast done wonderful things; thy counsels of old are faithfulness and truth.
  • Isa 32:1 — Behold, a king shall reign in righteousness, and princes shall rule in judgment.
  • Isa 32:1 — Behold, a king shall reign in righteousness, and princes shall rule in judgment.
  • Isa 42:3 — A bruised reed shall he not break, and the smoking flax shall he not quench: he shall bring forth judgment unto truth.
  • Isa 45:21 — Tell ye, and bring them near; yea, let them take counsel together: who hath declared this from ancient time? who hath told it from that time? have not I the LORD? and there is no God else beside me; a
  • Isa 59:17 — For he put on righteousness as a breastplate, and an helmet of salvation upon his head; and he put on the garments of vengeance for clothing, and was clad with zeal as a cloak.
  • Isa 63:1 — Who is this that cometh from Edom, with dyed garments from Bozrah? this that is glorious in his apparel, travelling in the greatness of his strength? I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save.
  • Isa 66:16 — For by fire and by his sword will the LORD plead with all flesh: and the slain of the LORD shall be many.
  • Jer 23:5 — Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will raise unto David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and prosper, and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth.
  • Jer 23:5 — Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will raise unto David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and prosper, and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth.
  • Jer 33:15 — In those days, and at that time, will I cause the Branch of righteousness to grow up unto David; and he shall execute judgment and righteousness in the land.
  • Jer 33:15 — In those days, and at that time, will I cause the Branch of righteousness to grow up unto David; and he shall execute judgment and righteousness in the land.
  • Joel 3:12 — Let the heathen be wakened, and come up to the valley of Jehoshaphat: for there will I sit to judge all the heathen round about.
  • John 1:51 — And he saith unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Hereafter ye shall see heaven open, and the angels of God ascending and descending upon the Son of man.
  • John 14:6 — Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me.
  • Num 23:24 — Behold, the people shall rise up as a great lion, and lift up himself as a young lion: he shall not lie down until he eat of the prey, and drink the blood of the slain.