Malachi 1:3
And I hated Esau, and laid his mountains and his heritage waste for the dragons of the wilderness.
KJV
Esau autem odio habui, et posui montes ejus in solitudinem, et hæreditatem ejus in dracones deserti.
Vulgate
τὸν δὲ Ἠσαὺ ἐμίσησα, καὶ ἔταξα τὰ ὅρια αὐτοῦ εἰς ἀφανισμὸν καὶ τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ εἰς δόματα ἐρήμου.
LXX
but Esau I hated, and made his mountains a desolation, and gave his heritage to the jackals of the wilderness.
ASV
וְ/אֶת עֵשָׂ֖ו שָׂנֵ֑אתִי וָ/אָשִׂ֤ים אֶת הָרָי/ו֙ שְׁמָמָ֔ה וְ/אֶת נַחֲלָת֖/וֹ לְ/תַנּ֥וֹת מִדְבָּֽר
Hebrew
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In this verse
People
Esau
In the original Hebrew
9 distinct Hebrew words appear in this verse.
אֶת
't
pronoun · 10895×
הַ֣ר
hr
noun · 544×
וֹ
v
noun · 221×
י
y
verb · 148×
יָּ֥שֶׂם
yshm
verb · 581×
מִּדְבָּ֑ר
mdbr
noun · 270×
עֵשָׂ֔ו
'shv
proper_noun · 97×
שְׁמָמָ֔ה
shmmh
noun · 56×
תנין
tnyn
noun · 3×
Historic Christian voices
3 passages from patristic writers, Reformers, and church catechisms citing this verse.
The children being not yet born, neither having done any good or evil, that the purpose of God according to election might stand, not of works but of Him that calleth, it was said unto her: The elder shall serve the younger. As it is written: Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated. This is the clearest possible proof that free will is nothing at all.
Cross-references
- Ezek 25:13 — Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; I will also stretch out mine hand upon Edom, and will cut off man and beast from it; and I will make it desolate from Teman; and they of Dedan shall fall by the swor
- Ezek 35:3 — And say unto it, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, O mount Seir, I am against thee, and I will stretch out mine hand against thee, and I will make thee most desolate.
- Ezek 35:4 — I will lay thy cities waste, and thou shalt be desolate, and thou shalt know that I am the LORD.
- Ezek 35:9 — I will make thee perpetual desolations, and thy cities shall not return: and ye shall know that I am the LORD.
- Gen 29:31 — And when the LORD saw that Leah was hated, he opened her womb: but Rachel was barren.
- Gen 36:8 — Thus dwelt Esau in mount Seir: Esau is Edom.
- Isa 34:10 — It shall not be quenched night nor day; the smoke thereof shall go up for ever: from generation to generation it shall lie waste; none shall pass through it for ever and ever.
- Isa 34:13 — And thorns shall come up in her palaces, nettles and brambles in the fortresses thereof: and it shall be an habitation of dragons, and a court for owls.
- Jer 49:10 — But I have made Esau bare, I have uncovered his secret places, and he shall not be able to hide himself: his seed is spoiled, and his brethren, and his neighbours, and he is not.
- Jer 49:16 — Thy terribleness hath deceived thee, and the pride of thine heart, O thou that dwellest in the clefts of the rock, that holdest the height of the hill: though thou shouldest make thy nest as high as t
- Jer 49:20 — Therefore hear the counsel of the LORD, that he hath taken against Edom; and his purposes, that he hath purposed against the inhabitants of Teman: Surely the least of the flock shall draw them out: su
- Jer 49:33 — And Hazor shall be a dwelling for dragons, and a desolation for ever: there shall no man abide there, nor any son of man dwell in it.
- Joel 3:19 — Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence against the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.
- Obad 1:1 — The vision of Obadiah. Thus saith the Lord GOD concerning Edom; We have heard a rumour from the LORD, and an ambassador is sent among the heathen, Arise ye, and let us rise up against her in battle.
- Obad 1:10 — For thy violence against thy brother Jacob shame shall cover thee, and thou shalt be cut off for ever.
- Obad 1:10 — For thy violence against thy brother Jacob shame shall cover thee, and thou shalt be cut off for ever.