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Annotations & References

Joshua 20

20

1And Jehovah spake unto Joshua, saying, 2Speak to the children of Israel, saying, Assign you the cities of refuge, whereof I spake unto you by Moses, 3that the manslayer that killeth any person unwittingly and unawares may flee thither: and they shall be unto you for a refuge from the avenger of blood.

4And he shall flee unto one of those cities, and shall stand at the entrance of the gate of the city, and declare his cause in the ears of the elders of that city; and they shall take him into the city unto them, and give him a place, that he may dwell among them. 5And if the avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver up the manslayer into his hand; because he smote his neighbor unawares, and hated him not beforetime. 6And he shall dwell in that city, until he stand before the congregation for judgment, until the death of the high priest that shall be in those days: then shall the manslayer return, and come unto his own city, and unto his own house, unto the city from whence he fled. 7And they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill-country of Naphtali, and Shechem in the hill-country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba (the same is Hebron) in the hill-country of Judah. 8And beyond the Jordan at Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness in the plain out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh. 9These were the appointed cities for all the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them, that whosoever killeth any person unwittingly might flee thither, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood, until he stood before the congregation.

What is Joshua 20 about?

With the tribes settled, the LORD commands Joshua to appoint the cities of refuge that had been provided for in the law of Moses. Six cities—Kedesh, Shechem, and Hebron on the west, with Bezer, Ramoth, and Golan on the east—are set apart so that anyone who kills a person unawares may flee there from the avenger of blood. The manslayer is to be granted a fair hearing and kept safe until he stands before the congregation or until the death of the high priest. This provision guards both justice and mercy in the land, restraining vengeance and sheltering the innocent under God's ordered rule.