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Exodus 1:14

And they made their lives bitter with hard bondage, in morter, and in brick, and in all manner of service in the field: all their service, wherein they made them serve, was with rigour.

KJV

atque ad amaritudinem perducebant vitam eorum operibus duris luti et lateris, omnique famulatu, quo in terræ operibus premebantur.

Vulgate

καὶ κατωδύνων αὐτῶν τὴν ζωὴν ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις τοῖς σκληροῖς, τῷ πηλῷ καὶ τῇ πλινθίᾳ καὶ πᾶσι τοῖς ἔργοις τοῖς ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις, κατὰ πάντα τὰ ἔργα ὧν κατεδουλοῦντο αὐτοὺς μετὰ βίας.

LXX

and they made their lives bitter with hard service, in mortar and in brick, and in all manner of service in the field, all their service, wherein they made them serve with rigor.

ASV

וַ/יְמָרְר֨וּ אֶת חַיֵּי/הֶ֜ם בַּ/עֲבֹדָ֣ה קָשָׁ֗ה בְּ/חֹ֨מֶר֙ וּ/בִ/לְבֵנִ֔ים וּ/בְ/כָל עֲבֹדָ֖ה בַּ/שָּׂדֶ֑ה אֵ֚ת כָּל עֲבֹ֣דָתָ֔/ם אֲשֶׁר עָבְד֥וּ בָ/הֶ֖ם בְּ/פָֽרֶךְ

Hebrew

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In the original Hebrew

12 distinct Hebrew words appear in this verse.

אֲשֶׁר
'shr
particle · 5461×
אֶת
't
pronoun · 10895×
הֵמַ֥ר
hmr
verb · 14×
חַי
chy
verb · 502×
חֹ֖מֶר
chmr
noun · 31×
כָּל
kl
noun · 5376×
לְבֵנִ֔ים
lbnym
noun · 11×
ם
m
verb · 287×
עֲבֹדָ֖ה
'bdh
noun · 145×
פָֽרֶךְ
prk
noun · 6×
קְשֵׁה
qshh
adjective · 36×
שָּׂדֶ֔ה
shdh
noun · 334×

Typology

Historic Christian voices

2 passages from patristic writers, Reformers, and church catechisms citing this verse.

Cross-references

  • Acts 7:19 — The same dealt subtilly with our kindred, and evil entreated our fathers, so that they cast out their young children, to the end they might not live.
  • Acts 7:34 — I have seen, I have seen the affliction of my people which is in Egypt, and I have heard their groaning, and am come down to deliver them. And now come, I will send thee into Egypt.
  • Deut 26:6 — And the Egyptians evil entreated us, and afflicted us, and laid upon us hard bondage:
  • Exod 2:23 — And it came to pass in process of time, that the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage
  • Exod 6:9 — And Moses spake so unto the children of Israel: but they hearkened not unto Moses for anguish of spirit, and for cruel bondage.
  • Exod 12:8 — And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.
  • Gen 11:3 — And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
  • Isa 58:6 — Is not this the fast that I have chosen? to loose the bands of wickedness, to undo the heavy burdens, and to let the oppressed go free, and that ye break every yoke?
  • Num 20:15 — How our fathers went down into Egypt, and we have dwelt in Egypt a long time; and the Egyptians vexed us, and our fathers:
  • Prov 28:15 — As a roaring lion, and a ranging bear; so is a wicked ruler over the poor people.
  • Ps 81:6 — I removed his shoulder from the burden: his hands were delivered from the pots.
  • Ps 81:6 — I removed his shoulder from the burden: his hands were delivered from the pots.