• 1Cor 10:4 — And did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ.
• Exod 17:6 — Behold, I will stand before thee there upon the rock in Horeb; and thou shalt smite the rock, and there shall come water out of it, that the people may drink. And Moses did so in the sight of the elde
• Num 20:11 — And Moses lifted up his hand, and with his rod he smote the rock twice: and the water came out abundantly, and the congregation drank, and their beasts also.

5 Christian traditions affirm this interpretation.

• Roman Catholic · Catholic
• Evangelical · Evangelical
• Eastern Orthodox · Orthodox
• Patristic · Patristic
• Reformed · Reformed

13 passages from 10 historic works cite scripture this interpretation depends on.

• Catechism of the Catholic Church · 3 passages
• City of God · 2 passages
• Sayings of the Desert Fathers (Apophthegmata Patrum) · 1 passage
• An Exact Exposition of the Orthodox Faith · 1 passage
• Homilies on the Gospel of John · 1 passage
• Homilies on the Epistle to the Hebrews · 1 passage
• De Principiis (On First Principles) · 1 passage
• Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew · 1 passage
• On Christian Doctrine (De Doctrina Christiana) · 1 passage
• Summa Theologica · 1 passage